B.Voc in Eletrical

Semester 1 Applied Mathematics (4 Credits) Unit 1: Linear Algebra and Matrix Theory – Matrices and Determinants, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors, Systems of Linear Equations. Unit 2: Calculus (Differentiation and Integration) – Functions, Limits, and Continuity, Differentiation and Applications, Integration Techniques and Applications. Unit 3: Differential Equations – First-Order and Higher-Order Differential Equations, Applications in Electrical and Mechanical Systems. Unit 4: Vectors and Their Applications – Vector Algebra and Vector Calculus, Gradient, Divergence, and Curl. Unit 5: Numerical Methods and Solutions to Problems – Interpolation and Approximation, Numerical Differentiation and Integration, Solutions of Algebraic and Transcendental Equations. Applied Physics (4 Credits) Unit 1: Mechanics and Properties of Matter – Newton's Laws of Motion, Work, Energy, and Power. Unit 2: Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Physics – Fluid Statics and Dynamics, Heat Transfer (Conduction, Convection, and Radiation). Unit 3: Laws of Motion and Work, Energy, Power – Kinematics and Dynamics of Particles, Conservation Laws. Unit 4: Modern Physics (Introduction to Electronics) – Basics of Semiconductor Devices, Introduction to Quantum Mechanics. Basics of Electrical Circuits (4 Credits) Unit 1: Ohm's Law and Kirchhoff's Laws – Voltage, Current, and Resistance, Kirchhoff's Current and Voltage Laws. Unit 2: Series and Parallel Circuits – Analysis of Series and Parallel Networks, Voltage and Current Division. Unit 3: Power and Energy in Electrical Circuits – Power, Energy, and Efficiency in DC and AC Circuits. Unit 4: AC and DC Circuits – Fundamentals of Alternating Current, Single-Phase and Three-Phase Circuits. Unit 5: Thevenin's and Norton's Theorems – Superposition Theorem, Thevenin's and Norton's Theorems for Circuit Analysis. Electrical Circuits and Networks (4 Credits) Unit 1: Electrical Network Analysis – Mesh and Nodal Analysis Techniques, Application of Kirchhoff's Laws in Networks. Unit 2: RLC Circuits and Resonance – Series and Parallel RLC Circuits, Resonance in Electrical Circuits. Unit 3: Impedance, Admittance, and Complex Power – Phasor Representation of AC Quantities, Calculation of Impedance and Admittance. Unit 4: AC and DC Network Theorems – Maximum Power Transfer Theorem, Reciprocity and Compensation Theorems. Basics of Electrical Machines (4 Credits) Unit 1: Introduction to Electrical Machines – Basic Concepts of Electrical Machines, Types of Electrical Machines. Unit 2: Types of Electrical Machines – Working Principles and Characteristics, Applications in Industrial Systems (DC, Induction, and Synchronous Motors). Unit 3: Principle of Operation and Characteristics – Construction and Working of Transformers, Efficiency and Regulation of Machines. Unit 4: Basic Testing and Measuring Instruments – Measurement of Voltage, Current, and Power, Basics of Digital Multimeters and Oscilloscopes. Semester 2 Basic Electronics (6 Credits) Unit 1: Introduction to Electronics Components – Resistors, Capacitors, Inductors (Functions and Applications), Diodes (Types like PN Junction, Zener, LEDs and Characteristics). Unit 2: Semiconductor Theory and Diodes – Energy Bands in Semiconductors, PN Junction, Forward and Reverse Bias, Applications (Rectifiers, Voltage Regulators). Unit 3: Transistor Amplifiers – BJTs and FETs, Amplifier Circuits (Common Base, Common Collector, Common Emitter), Feedback in Amplifiers. Unit 4: Logic Gates and Digital Electronics – Boolean Algebra and Logic Families, Combinational Circuits (Adders, Subtractors, Multiplexers, Encoders). Unit 5: Operational Amplifiers and Applications – OP-AMP Basics (Characteristics, Inverting & Non-Inverting Configurations), Applications (Voltage Followers, Summing Amplifiers, Filters). Basic Workshop Practice (6 Credits) Unit 1: Workshop Safety and Handling of Tools – Workplace Safety Measures, Identification and Usage of Basic Tools. Unit 2: Soldering and Desoldering Techniques – Types of Soldering and Equipment, PCB Soldering and Component Mounting. Unit 3: Fabrication of Electrical Components – Sheet Metal Work, Drilling, Cutting, Grinding, Surface Finishing and Protective Coatings. Unit 4: Electrical Wiring, Connections, and Fittings – Domestic and Industrial Wiring Practices, Cable Jointing and Termination. Unit 5: Assembly of Electrical Circuits and Systems – Control Panel Assembly, Troubleshooting Electrical Systems. Electrical Circuits and Networks (Continued) (4 Credits) Unit 1: Introduction to Network Theorems – Superposition Theorem, Thevenin's and Norton's Theorems. Unit 2: Sinusoidal Waveforms and Impedance – AC Waveforms, Frequency, Phase Angles, Complex Impedance in RLC Circuits. Unit 3: AC Power and Energy Calculations – Power Factor, Reactive Power, Energy Efficiency in Electrical Circuits. Basics of Electrical Machines (Continued) (4 Credits) Unit 1: DC Machines and their Applications – Construction and Working of DC Generators & Motors, Applications in Industrial and Automotive Systems. Unit 2: Transformers and their Operation Principles – Types of Transformers and Construction, Efficiency, Voltage Regulation, and Load Tests. Unit 3: Synchronous and Induction Motors – Three-Phase Induction Motors (Working and Characteristics), Synchronous Machines and Industrial Applications. Unit 4: Basic Electrical Machine Testing Techniques – No-Load and Blocked Rotor Tests, Efficiency and Performance Evaluation. Semester 3 Strength of Materials (4 Credits) Unit 1: Stress, Strain, and Elasticity – Mechanical Properties of Materials, Stress-Strain Relationship (Hooke's Law). Unit 2: Types of Loads and Deformations – Axial Loads, Shear Forces, Bending Moments, Deformation Under Tensile, Compressive, and Shear Loads. Unit 3: Torsion, Shear, and Bending – Torsion of Circular Shafts, Shear Stress and Shear Strain, Bending Moment and Shear Force Diagrams. Unit 4: Theory of Beams and Columns – Types of Beams, Deflection of Beams and Euler's Theory for Columns. Unit 5: Failure Theories and Safety Factors – Theories of Failure (Maximum Stress, Strain Energy), Factor of Safety and Design Considerations. Analog and Digital Electronics (4 Credits) Unit 1: Analog Components – Operational Amplifiers (Op-Amps), Diodes, and Transistors (Switching and Amplification). Unit 2: Digital Logic Circuits – Logic Gates and Boolean Algebra, Flip-Flops (SR, D, JK, T), Sequential Circuits, and Counters. Unit 3: Conversion Between Analog and Digital Signals – ADC and DAC Converters, Signal Processing Techniques. Unit 4: Applications of Op-Amps and Digital Electronics – Comparators, Oscillators, Active Filters, Industrial and Consumer Electronics Applications. Power Systems Basics (4 Credits) Unit 1: Introduction to Power Generation – Conventional and Non-Conventional Power Plants (Thermal, Hydro, Solar, Wind, and Nuclear). Unit 2: Transmission and Distribution of Electrical Power – Transmission Lines (Types and Parameters), Distribution Networks and Substations. Unit 3: Basic Power System Components – Generators, Transformers, Circuit Breakers, Transmission Lines, Load Flow Analysis and Power Factor Correction. Unit 4: Protection and Control of Power Systems – Circuit Protection Devices, SCADA Systems and Smart Grid Technologies. Electrical Machine Design (4 Credits) Unit 1: Basic Concepts of Electrical Machine Design – Electrical and Magnetic Circuits in Machine Design, Selection of Materials for Electrical Machines. Unit 2: Design of DC Machines, Transformers, and Induction Motors – Armature Design, Commutator Design, Field Windings, Transformer Core and Winding Design, Stator and Rotor Design for Induction Motors. Unit 3: Calculation of Electrical and Magnetic Design Parameters – Magnetic Flux Density, Inductance, Capacitance Calculations, Efficiency and Losses in Electrical Machines. Unit 4: Cooling and Thermal Management in Electrical Machines – Heat Dissipation Techniques, Cooling Systems for Large Electrical Machines. Microcontroller Programming (4 Credits) Unit 1: Introduction to Microcontrollers and Microprocessor Architecture – Microcontroller vs. Microprocessor, Architecture of 8051, PIC, and ARM Microcontrollers. Unit 2: Programming in C for Microcontrollers – Basics of Embedded C Programming, GPIO Interfacing and Timer Operations. Unit 3: Embedded Systems Development – Memory Management in Microcontrollers, Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS). Unit 4: Interfacing Sensors and Actuators with Microcontrollers – ADC and DAC Interfacing, Motor Control and Wireless Communication Modules. Unit 5: Introduction to PCB Design and Fabrication – PCB Layout Design Tools (KiCad, Eagle), Prototyping and Manufacturing Considerations. Semester 4 Control Systems Basics (4 Credits) Unit 1: Introduction to Control Systems – Definition and Importance of Control Systems, Examples of Control Systems in Industry. Unit 2: Open and Closed-Loop Control Systems – Characteristics of Open-Loop and Closed-Loop Systems, Feedback Control and Its Advantages. Unit 3: Transfer Functions and Block Diagrams – Representation of Systems Using Transfer Functions, Block Diagram Reduction and Signal Flow Graphs. Unit 4: Stability and Performance Analysis of Control Systems – Time-Domain and Frequency-Domain Stability Analysis, Root Locus and Bode Plot Techniques. Unit 5: Controllers (PID) – Tuning of PID Controllers, Application of PID in Industrial Automation. Power Systems Analysis (4 Credits) Unit 1: Power Flow Analysis and Load Flow Studies – Power Flow Equations and Bus Classification, Newton-Raphson and Gauss-Seidel Methods. Unit 2: Fault Analysis and Protection in Power Systems – Types of Faults, Protective Relays and Circuit Breakers. Unit 3: Power System Stability – Steady-State and Transient Stability, Swing Equation and Equal Area Criterion. Unit 4: Power System Operation and Control – Economic Load Dispatch, Unit Commitment, Frequency and Voltage Control. Electrical Machine Testing (4 Credits) Unit 1: Testing and Commissioning of Electrical Machines – Testing Procedures for New Installations, Pre-Commissioning Checks and Safety Precautions. Unit 2: Performance Testing – Measurement of Efficiency Using Direct and Indirect Methods, Load Tests on Motors and Generators, Speed, Torque. Unit 3: Motor and Generator Testing Procedures – No-Load and Load Tests, Short Circuit and Open Circuit Tests on Transformers. Unit 4: Insulation and Safety Tests for Electrical Machines – Insulation Resistance Measurement, High Voltage and Dielectric Strength Tests. Digital Signal Processing (4 Credits) Unit 1: Introduction to Digital Signals and Systems – Basics of Signal Processing, Analog vs. Digital Signal Processing. Unit 2: Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) – Fourier Series and Fourier Transform, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Unit 3: Signal Filtering and Noise Reduction – FIR and IIR Filters, Design and Implementation of Digital Filters. Unit 4: Signal Analysis using MATLAB/Simulink – Signal Processing Toolbox in MATLAB, Simulation of Signal Processing Algorithms. Internship (4 Credits) Hands-on experience in industry-related projects, troubleshooting, and problem-solving in partner industries (Power, Automation, Electronics). Semester 5 Renewable Energy Systems (4 Credits) Unit 1: Fundamentals of Renewable Energy Sources – Overview of Solar, Wind, Hydro, Biomass, Global Energy Scenario and Need for Renewable Energy. Unit 2: Photovoltaic (PV) System Design and Operation – Working Principle of Solar Cells, PV Module, Array, System Design, MPPT Techniques. Unit 3: Energy Storage and Battery Technologies – Types of Energy Storage, Battery Technologies, Battery Management Systems (BMS). Unit 4: Grid Integration of Renewable Energy Systems – Grid-Tied vs. Off-Grid Renewable Energy Systems, Power Electronics Integration, Smart Grids. Power Electronics Applications (4 Credits) Unit 1: Basics of Power Electronics – Power Electronic Devices (Diodes, Thyristors, MOSFETs, IGBTs), Switching Characteristics and Power Conversion. Unit 2: Converters, Inverters, and Rectifiers – AC-DC, DC-DC, DC-AC, AC-AC Converters, Single-Phase and Three-Phase Inverters. Unit 3: Applications in Power Systems and Renewable Energy – Power Electronics in Solar PV and Wind Energy, FACTS and HVDC. Unit 4: Design and Analysis of Power Electronics Circuits – Design Considerations and Losses in Power Converters, Thermal Management and Heat Sinks. Advanced Microcontrollers (4 Credits) Unit 1: Microcontroller Architecture and Advanced Programming – Overview of ARM and PIC Microcontrollers, Advanced C Programming for Embedded Systems. Unit 2: Applications in IoT and Embedded Systems – Role of Microcontrollers in IoT and Smart Devices, Wireless Communication Protocols. Unit 3: Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS) – Introduction to RTOS Concepts, Scheduling, Task Management, and Inter-Process Communication. Unit 4: Interfacing Sensors and Actuators – ADC/DAC Conversions and Sensor Interfacing, Motor Control Using PWM and Servo Mechanisms. Electric Drives and Motors (4 Credits) Unit 1: Principles of Electric Drives – Introduction to Electric Drives and Components, Torque-Speed Characteristics. Unit 2: DC and AC Motors – Separately Excited, Shunt, Series, Compound Motors, Synchronous and Induction Motors, Speed Control. Unit 3: Applications in Industrial and Automotive Systems – Manufacturing Industries, Electric Vehicles, and Hybrid Vehicles. Unit 4: Motor Selection and Performance Analysis – Efficiency, Loss Calculations, Cooling Techniques, Insulation Requirements. Internship I (4 Credits) Practical industrial exposure in renewable energy plants, power electronics labs, and automation setups. Semester 6 Automation and PLC Programming (6 Credits) Unit 1: Introduction to Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) – Evolution of Industrial Automation, Architecture, Working, and Types of PLCs. Unit 2: Industrial Automation Components – Sensors (Proximity, Optical, Temperature), Actuators (Servo Motors, Pneumatic/Hydraulic Systems), PID Control, SCADA Integration. Unit 3: PLC Programming and Ladder Diagrams – Fundamentals of Ladder Logic Programming, Timer and Counter Functions, Troubleshooting and Debugging. Unit 4: Applications in Process and Factory Automation – PLC-based Conveyor Control, Automated Assembly Line Programming, Robotics Integration. Electric Vehicle Technology (6 Credits) Unit 1: Fundamentals of Electric Vehicle Systems – Evolution of Electric Mobility, EV Powertrain Architecture, Types of EVs (BEV, HEV, PHEV). Unit 2: Battery Management Systems (BMS) and Charging Technologies – Lithium-ion Batteries, Battery & Thermal Management, EV Charging Technologies (AC/DC, Fast Charging). Unit 3: Electric Motor Selection and Control for EVs – Types of Motors Used in EVs, Motor Controllers, Power Electronics, Regenerative Braking Systems. Unit 4: Challenges and Trends in EV Manufacturing – EV Market Trends, Government Policies, Safety, Environmental Considerations, Emerging Technologies. Industrial IoT Applications (4 Credits) Unit 1: Basics of the Internet of Things (IoT) – Introduction to IoT and Industry 4.0, Components (Sensors, Microcontrollers, Protocols), Cloud-based Solutions. Unit 2: IoT in Industrial Automation and Smart Factories – Smart Sensors for Predictive Maintenance, Real-time Monitoring, Industrial Communication Protocols. Unit 3: Real-Time Data Acquisition and Analysis – Edge Computing, IoT Gateways, Big Data Analytics, Security Challenges. Unit 4: IoT Protocols and Platforms for Industry 4.0 – LoRa, ZigBee, 5G, Wi-Fi, Cloud-based Management, Smart Factory Case Studies. Internship II (4 Credits) Practical project exposure focusing on PLC-based automation systems, EV battery/motor testing, and IoT-enabled smart factory implementations.